The only way to really protect your finances is to invest yourself using a self-directed account. Whether you have a self directed individual account, a self directed rollover 401k account, a self directed custodial account, only you have your own best investing interests at heart. Many people who put money into mutual funds and other products – who are not truly “investors” as will be explained below – don’t want to hear that they have to learn how to invest. But the sobering fact is, even if you choose not to invest your own money in a self directed account, and prefer to give your money to someone else to invest it, you need to understand the markets and know how to invest so that you can make sure your broker is doing the right thing. You won’t know that if you don’t understand investing.

I’ve heard people say “I don’t want to know all the details of how to invest in stocks, so I hire a professional.” Well if you have less than a$250,000 to invest, real professsoinals, who operate on a fee only basis, are not going to want to work with you. There is no profit in it for them to have dozens of investors who only have $5,000, $10,000 or even $50,000 to invest. The reason is, they get fees that are high enough that it eats into your returns, and they can’t show you a decent return on your investment after you deduct the costs of using their services. And small investors are more likely not to want to pay fees in the hundreds of dollars to get advice anyway. So if you are rich, you can afford to hire a professional. The rich are not in the position of being concerned about saving what’s left of a very small nest egg.

So where then do you invest if you want to have a self directed account? The idea is, you invest then in vehicles you understand, and that you learn how to trade. In the beginning, this may mean just a money market fund, or a government bond fund, something conservative which is easy to grasp and where you can park your money relatively safely while you learn more. From there you can graduate to investing in index funds, but using ETFs instead of mutual funds, as they are cheaper to trade, have no minimum balance requirements (like the $3,000 minimums you’ll find as some fund companies) and they don’t have the same fees and taxes.

At some point, you may even learn to buy stocks, and there is nothing wrong with doing that, if you learn how to do the research, follow the market, and are ready willing and able to make trades that aren’t just based on emotions, but a solid financial plan. There are plenty of good sources of information about how to invest in stocks, from broker resources, to books, to entire publishing companies that put out nothing but investor information.

The point is you are going to take it slow, at your own pace, to learn about what works for you, and understand how your money is working for you. You are not then at the whim of some advisor and their desire to make money for themselves. You don’t have to be anxious about not knowing what is going to happen to your hard earned money, and what exactly it is invested in. You can relax, and plan your future around a financially stable plan, and know that you have the skill to take care of yourself financially.

At the beginning of the downturn in mid-2008, she had some typical, conventional  things to say, you know, the old “if you’re in the market for ten more years then stay put” crap, but she’s coming around.  Now she is telling folks facing imminent retirement that they need self directed accounts and to set up 401K rollover accounts – and not leave them at the mercy of a former employer.

She also answered one caller, whose employer has stopped the match and who makes too much to contribute to a ROTH, telling her NOT to “keep putting in the max to your 401k”.  Wow – she instead said do a non-tax deductible IRA, then roll it into a ROTH each year.  Go Suze!   BTW – so many money types say only put in up to the match, then go ROTH or otherwise – Jim Cramer, now Suze.  Maybe some folks will get the message.

So what do you do? Open a self directed IRA or a 401k rollover account with a top rated discount broker.  Learn to invest money in the markets.  LEARN what works, for YOU. Don’t expect anyone to tell you the right thing to do.  Then place your own investments. Today, you can even open a Roth 401k with a discount broker.

And while I”m at it – I’m passing this article around to all of my friends.  The article, by Jeffrey Goldberg, is titled “Why I Fired My Broker” and it explains why you should too.  Read it and understand why your employer’s 401k managers and financial advisors generally are a waste of your time.

Why I Fired My Broker, by Jeffrey Goldberg

Their job is to make money for their firm.  Not protect you from downturns.  As long as their losses aren’t as great as the losses in the index funds, they consider that a “win”.

There are many ways to invest money that are safer for the long term, but you will have to learn more about investing, learn more about the markets, and not just expect to park your money in a mutual fund somewhere and let it sit.  This is not just a “down” market. This is potentially a stagnant market, with little or limited growth for years, even decades, to come.  It requires a different understanding to be successful, as opposed to just waiting out a temporary downturn in a bull market as has happened in the past.  You will have to learn the best way to invest money for yourself, and not rely solely on tee vee talking heads or even experienced financial planners to help you. Keep your $$ in a CD or high interest checking account so you have cash available when you need it.

Stay tuned here in the next few posts as I list some publications you really want to read.  These will not give you the same old buy and hold bull – they will explain why the “advice” you’ve been getting has been skewed against you from the beginning.  Start with Crash Proof, by Peter Schiff  (the new edition, Crash Proof 2.0, is coming soon!).

Bottom line:  Take advice from NO ONE. Not even us.  And read outside the lines folks.  Don’t take conventional wisdom for truth.

With so many people saving more today, and also facing an increased possibility of being laid off and changing jobs, using the 401k rollover option is a way to maintain some control oer your retirement security.  Unfortunately, the roll over is not very well explained or understood by most investors.  It’s something we advocate very strongly – to get your money out of the hands of mutual fund managers who do not have your best interests at heart!  It might mean you need to take the time to learn to invest money beyond your current knowledge, but that is FAR better – and more profitable – than sitting idly and helplessly watching your retirement nest egg vanish without any comment from your plan administrator or your company’s mutual fund managers…

When you have a retirement plan set up by your employer, the investment options are always very limited. They don’t want to pay a lot of money in admin fees, nor take a lot of risk, by offering a wide selection of investment vehicles to their employees. The management headaches are too great.  And, their plan consultants are probably telling them all the same conventional crap about perpetual growth, stock market returns, etc etc. 

However, once you set up a self direct IRA using your 401k rollover, you can start investing in all types of vehicles for retirement that were previously unavailable.  Now, you can start taking control over your money,and not leaving it to the mercy of conservative – or worse, convention – mutual fund managers.

To roll over your 401k account, you first open a new, self-directed IRA account with your new broker of choice.  As you complete the paperwork, you’ll se that they ask if this is a rollover account.  If so, they will give you all the appropriate paperwork to have everything transferred from your employer’s plan.  As long as you aren’t taking any withdrawals from your retirement account, there are no penalties or taxes required. 

You have four main options when you leave your employer, as to what to do with your 401k rollover.  They are, in order of preference:

1) Cash in your account. BEWARE: if you cash out your account prior to your statutory allowance, you will pay taxes and penalties!
2) Stay with the retirement plan from your previous employer. This is where you could stay if you really just don’t care about what happens to your money. 
3) Transfer the balance of your prior retirement account into the retirement plan offered by your new employer. At least here you can keep an eye on it.
4) Open a Self Directed 401k Rollover IRA account with another broker or mutual fund of your choice, and transfer all retirement funds into that account.

We don’t recommend you ever do #1 unless you are in serous, dire financial difficulty.  You will lose roughly 40% of your account in fees and penalties.  As for options #2 and #3, these are both  conservative, hands off type decisions.  If you just don’t want to think about making your money work for you, or even think about it at all, then leave them in the hands of the mutual funds your employers have chosen for you.  But don’t complain when you lose money! 

Only by choosing #4 will you have a new chance to really build up your account balances for retirement.  With this account you will learn more about investing,  and have the option of buying and selling whatever investments you choose that fit your personal financial plan.  It’s not for everyone, but by learning a little about investing, you can gain a lot more secure retirement.

The biggest problem with employer retirement plans offered to employees is that they include a very limited number of investment choices. Of the ones offered, many overlap in the types of stocks and bonds they invest in. A study from Columbia University found that the median number of mutual funds made available to employees was just 13. And this included all funds, even money market funds, fixed income funds, and balanced funds, as well as stocks.

Since you have fewer investment choices within your 401k, your employer-sponsored plan hampers your ability to profit during different market trends and to reposition your retirement balance into accounts with stocks, bonds, mutual funds and ETFs that offer higher risk-reward profiles.

The best thing you can do is to set up a 401k Rollover account with a brokerage that will give you access to all the types of investments available in the market.  (We use TradeKing for all of our accounts, since they have great educational materials and really low fees.)  By opening up a 401k roll over IRA at another company, you can break out of the limits of your employer-sponsored plan and thereby increase exponentially the number of mutual funds, stocks, bonds, ETFs, money markets and more that you have available for investing. Choose a broker that has great resources for investors to learn, such as large investor discussion groups, materials about how to invest, training videos and so on. There’s always something to learn to grow your retirement account to its fullest potential.

It’s easy to see how you might improve our retirement account returns.  If you transfer $50,000 out of your 401k plan, and move it to the Rollover IRA, having a wider range of investment choices can mean that your annual return increases from 8% in the old 401k, to 12% in the Rollover IRA. After 20 years, your roll over IRA will be worth $482,315, more than twice the $233,048 that you would have had if you’d kept your funds in the employer-sponsored plan – and that assumes you haven’t added any deposits to your Rollover IRA.

So how do you set up a 401k rollover account?  There are two ways you can do it.  You can start by opening a Rollover IRA account with your new broker (also known as a self directed IRA, because now you call the shots!)  After that account is set up, you can contact your plan administrator from your former employer and ask to transfer your assets into the new account.

After that your two choices are to have the money sent directly from your previous 401k plan, into the rollover IRA account. This is known as a direct rollover. The second alternative is the indirect rollover, where you you take a distribution of the funds from the retirement plan, then deposit them yourself into your new roll over account.  Other than in the event some exception applies, you are given 60 days to get that distribution into the new account and avoid any taxes or penalties for a withdrawal.  Check with your old and new plan administrators to see which is right for you.

Now that you have set up your 401k rollover account, you can continually leverage that account each time you switch jobs, by moving any accumulated 401k investments into the rollover account.  You just have to instruct your employer’s retirement plan administrator to transfer your assets to the new IRA account.

There is also an option for your to continue to deposit funds to your new IRA, however check to see whether you are subject to limits regarding annual contribution amounts.

The bottom line is, why leave your retirement funds to sit in an account where they are not going to work as hard for you as possible?  Opening up your own self-directed IRA by transferring to a 401k rollover is your best option for growing your future retirement nest egg.   Your new 401k rollover, now opened up as a self-directed IRA, will give you much more control over growing your retirement savings.

Guess what? The tee vee “experts” were saying that in November ’08 too, so if you listened - to CNN or CNBC or FOX or XYZ  - tell me, where are you now?

I’ll say it again: in a volatile market, why not get out of mutual funds, at least with part of your money, and put it somewhere you can make a little, and wait for things to turn? I would rather make 2% in a savings account for a year than lose another 10% in a stock fund.

Some ideas:

- For investment accounts: Get out of the dang index funds – they include too many companies that are at risk.  If you aren’t willing to learn to invest stock so that you can confidently buy individual stocks or ETFs, then put your money in a CD.   If your financial adviser is still losing you money, don’t be afraid to move your account.  Anyone advising you to stay put is going to lose you more money.  IMHO.

- For a retirement account: If you get a company  match, meet it with your 401(K) contributions, but NO MORE.  Then take that money and invest in insured money market funds or “inflation fighter” funds – avoid the index funds!  They are for later, probably not this year, but maybe next, not until you are confident the market is again moving in the right direction.

- If you have a 401(K) right now, you are likely down 30-40%.  But don’t take it all out of your retirement account – you’ll get slammed yet again with fees and penalties.  Reallocate within your 401k to whatever funds are closest to cash, Treasuries or A rated bonds – ask your plan administrator.  (NOTE:  This is not 100% safe either however in a credit freeze.)

- If you lose or leave your job, immediatly switch your retirement account to a 401k rollover – as well as funds you haven’t rolled over from previous jobs – roll them into self directed IRA accounts, using a discount brokerage.  DO NOT ROLL OVER TO YOUR NEW COMPANY – or your investment options will be severely limited to mostly stock index funds!  In a self-directed fund, you can invest in ETFs for commodities, metals, shorts, and a wide variety of other funds. We like Scottrade as well as TradeKing for to discount brokers.  (Not affiliate links! We just like them!)

- For non investment money, get your hands on as much cash as you can, and put it into an insured money  market fund. Hold off doing anything until you (1) spend time to learn to invest stock so that “what to do” is not a crap shoot, (2) understand why your 401K was so risky to begin with, and (3) find good ideas about where to look for solid returns, including experts who have a track record you can believe.

Now you’ll have to start to learn to invest money.  There are places to make money, maybe not in a 401k but if you also open a Roth IRA or other account, you can make up for that outside your job. And if you get laid off, you can roll the money into your self-directed account.

There are places to be making money now, but you have to feel comfortable you know what you’re doing, and be comfortable with a degree of risk that we haven’t been trained to accept. But the rewards in this market, and for the next few years, will only come with more risks.  If you aren’t comfortable with that, then you need to stay safe in cash or similar vehicles.